Programming & AI · Baccalaureate year 2, 2027 · Term 2
Chapter 5 explained: Data Collection and Cleaning
Methods of data collection, data cleaning and transformation, and open data and APIs.
Lessons in this chapter (3 lessons)
Lesson 5-1: Methods of Data Collection
Collect the right data (primary vs secondary), study a fair sample of the population, use random sampling (simple or stratified) so the sample mirrors the whole, and guard against sampling bias.
Lesson 5-2: Data Cleaning and Transformation
Clean first (missing values, outliers, duplicates), then transform (convert types, normalize or standardize, reshape by pivot, join, aggregation). Every fix is a judgment set by the purpose — garbage in, garbage out.
Lesson 5-3: Open Data and APIs
Pick a reliable open data source for your purpose (World Bank Open Data, UN Data, Kaggle), fetch by browser or API (client requests an endpoint; server returns JSON), and always follow the terms of use and cite the source.
Clean the Table
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